Cooking Petroleum on a Volcano

In contrast to the article "Petroleum Boiler", where schemes of crude oil cooking on the buildings (AT, rockets, etc.) were given, here more attention will be paid to the heat exchangers.

The assembled schemes have heat exchangers of minimum-sized, so that the output would be petroleum with a temperature below 125°C (maximum for the pump from the gold). I recommend to increase their size to get petroleum with even lower temperature at the output, as well as to increase the efficiency of circuits (magma consumption).

It is also worth increasing the size of the magma chamber to get more thermal energy and not block the volcanic eruption.

If you don't like a cooking chamber with crude oil dripping from the top, you can use the petroleum submerged Liquid vent option, as shown in this article.

In addition to the large magma volcano used in the article, a small volcano, metallic volcanoes, lava lake, or any of the buildings that give enough heat can be used as a heat source.

At the inlet of all schemes crude oil with a temperature of 70°C.

Simple option
This simple scheme uses direct contact between magma and the cooking chamber. The magma will cool and freeze into igneous rock. A Robo-miner is needed to break up these blocks. The scheme has obvious disadvantages and can be used for cooking small amounts of crude oil, unlike the second option.

For simplicity, I will apply it in some other schemes, although it is not quite right.


 * Thermosensor with a setting greater than 406°C opens the door, preventing the transfer of excessive heat into the cooking chamber
 * Hydrosensor in the chamber, with a setting higher than 760 kg, stops crude oil flow if it has stopped having time to cook (volcano sleeping, etc.)
 * Hydrosensor at the pump is needed so that the pump would not start on small portions of petroleum (setting >20 kg)
 * Metal tile: for magma - steel; for petroleum - iron ore
 * Door: Iron ore
 * Pump: gold alloy (for reassurance it can be made of steel)
 * At the outlet petroleum with a temperature of 113°C. At the entrance to the cooking chamber crude oil with temperature about 370°C, petroleum with a maximum temperature of 404.8°C.

With magma dosing
A portion of magma is poured into a Mesh tile, freezes, turning into igneous rock, which precipitates into a 1-cell chamber with steam (at startup there is water, 1000 kg). The heat from it is transferred further by the steam and the Tempshift plate.

The rest of the circuit does not differ from the first version (petroleum and outlet and crude oil temperatures after are similar).


 * Steam thermosensor <550°C
 * Timer 5/20 s

With a turbine
Same as the first option, but the petroleum is additionally cooled by a turbine. This allows to get it with lower temperature, as well as to generate about 255 W of energy, which is enough to run the pump and such a scheme, after starting, can work autonomously, without power from outside.

For full autonomy, a battery can be added, and the size of the heat exchanger can be increased (just like for any other circuit in this article).

It is much more effective to increase the heat exchangers by building additional floors than by increasing their length.


 * At the outlet 103°C petroleum. At the inlet to the chamber 363°C crude oil, petroleum 404.8°C.

A versatile, self-contained option, getting cooler petroleum. .

Right side


The scheme uses a ladder heat exchanger with crude oil flowing from left to right.The advantage of this heat exchanger was discussed in this article.

The crude oil fed into the cooking chamber comes with a temperature of about 400°C and it takes very little energy to heat it up to 403°C. As a result, this scheme has the highest efficiency (lowest magma energy consumption) and for small volumes of oil can be used in this form (it is still better to add a robo-miner)

Minus of such a heat exchanger - petroleum comes out with a temperature of about 170°C, which is used here to heat steam under the turbine and to obtain additional power (about 370 W).

Another disadvantage of such schemes is that the pump can only be from thermium.


 * The outlet is 126°C petroleum. At the inlet to the chamber is 400°C oil, petroleum 404°C.

Waterfalls


Here we use a bead heat exchanger (left circuit) and a waterfall heat exchanger (right circuit). Both schemes are extremely inefficient, although waterfalls are popular in narrow circles. The output of the schemes is too hot petroleum and the inlet to the chamber is too cold crude oil.

The difference between the two options is within the measurement error (+- 1°C)

The efficiency of the schemes can be increased by using aluminum or thermium pipes and increasing their length. But it will not be a fair comparison. There is no point in such heat exchangers, in this case, except for beauty.

Of the other problems of such schemes - the need for a drop of liquid lead (75 kg) on the airflow tile, a very long way to the operating mode and low efficiency.


 * At the outlet 143°C petroleum. At the inlet to the chamber 355°C crude oil, petroleum 429°C.

Tubeless


The idea was suggested by Zarquan and the point of it is to remove the limitation of all petroleum boilers of 10 kg/sec, related to the capacity of the pipe.

In this scheme crude oil flows by gravity from top to bottom, and petroleum rises up without pumps and pipes, thanks to Escher waterfalls. A maximum theoretical capacity of 250 kg/s is claimed, and 70 kg/s has been achieved.

But here we must remember that the energy of magma is not infinite. In this scheme, the temperature of crude oil at the inlet to the cooking chamber is about 370°C. To heat it to 403° C, it would take 558 kDTU/s of thermal energy.

The volcano, on average, taking into account the active and dormant stages, produces about 1.3 kg/sec of magma. Magma, in simple schemes, can be effectively used up to 500...550°C, which gives about 1540 kDTE/s of heat, which is barely enough to heat about 30 kg/s of crude (and that's not including the cost of running the scheme). This is the volume used in this and the following scheme. For larger volumes, regolith will have to added to increase the magma volume as described in this article.

The waterfalls used 2 gases: carbon dioxide and oxygen. Slightly better result will give the use of chlorine (has lower thermal conductivity), which will be more noticeable in the following scheme.

Buffer for 30 seconds is needed to shut off the crude oil supply if the temperature in the cooking chamber has dropped (the magma has cooled down or the crude oil is too cold).


 * At the outlet 116°С petroleum. At the inlet to the chamber is 360°С crude oil, petroleum 412°C.

Flat version
The variant suggested mathmanican, I have simplified it a bit. The same principle as the previous version, but there are much more waterfalls, which gives greater efficiency.

The tiles are common, copper. Bridges of automatics, electric and pipe are used for better heat transfer between crude oil and kerosene.


 * The petroleum at the outlet is 117°C. The inlet to the chamber is 375°C crude oil, petroleum 406°C.

The last screenshot shows a square version of the same scheme. But in terms of occupied area it loses out to the flat version.

At the outlet of the tubeless schemes it is better to apply compressors of liquid, so as not to pump petroleum to external storage.

These schemes will not work with a volcano equipped in this way, because the heat loss for heating is too high (but you can use the approach as in the second scheme). Another problem of such schemes is a very long time to reach operating mode, because it is impossible to heat such a volume of incoming, cold crude oil quickly.

It is not quite clear where so much petroleum can be used, but the solution is definitely elegant.

Flaking


Here the principle of partial evaporation (flaking), proposed as well mathmanican, is applied. Its meaning is that only 3°C is used to boil crude oil into petroleum. As a result, the scheme has the highest efficiency (the lowest consumption of magma or any other heat source).

Another significant advantage is that the temperature of the resulting petroleum is 402.9°C, which makes it easier to cool, even with the most compact heat exchanger. In this case the left-side step heat exchanger is used, which heats the incoming crude oil worse (hot crude oil is not required in this scheme), but cools the petroleum better.

To start the scheme it is required to preheat crude oil above 170°С (preferably with a large reserve). Another 1 disadvantage of the scheme - 10 g of crude oil is lost. Valve setting should be strictly 5010 g, and at the output we get 5 kg of petroleum. There is a variant of the scheme for 10 kg/s, but it may fail when loading the save and I did not build it.

Automatics, in addition to the magma dosing scheme and protection against overcooling of the cooking chamber (described above), prevents a portion of oil smaller than 5010 g from entering the chamber (described here).

The pipe bridge going upwards transfers the heat from the igneous rock tile (it is used for cooking - brown block on the screenshot) to the thermosensor. In addition to the pipe bridge there are the bridge of automatics, conveyors, gas pipe and electrical bridge. In the cage with the sensor 5 kg of water (steam).


 * The outlet is 106°C petroleum. At the inlet of the cell 355°C crude oil (it does not matter for the operation of this scheme), petroleum 402.8°C.

''The user dippoIipo called this scheme "Minecraft pickaxe". So it will be called that.''

Blueprints
Simple option With magma dosing With a turbine Right side Waterfalls Tubeless Flat Flaking