Coolants

A question was asked about the operation of this scheme:

Let's consider the principle of its operation in more detail, and at the same time learn a little more about AT and coolants - fluids used in the cooling (or heating) circuits of some buildings.

So, the circuit works as follows: The AT cools the fluid flowing through it always at 14ºC. In doing so, it heats a number of degrees (more correctly say gives off heat), which depends on what liquid it has cooled.

If it cools a liquid with a small heat capacity (crude oil, petroleum, water), then it will release not much heat (237 kDTE/s for crude oil, etc.). This heat is not enough to heat the surrounding steam, and the temperature of this steam is not enough to produce the required amount of energy by the turbines.

In this scheme this is very important, because it is a stand-alone scheme, not receiving energy from outside.
 * 850 W x 2 = 1700 W produced by the two turbines (actually less, about 1500 W)
 * AT + Liquid Tepidizer (it only runs 12% of the time) consume 1315 watts.

If there is water in the circuit, the turbines will produce much, much less - about 700 watts, which is not enough to run the circuit.



In this circuit, there is supercoolant in the AT circuit and it heats the AT much more - by 1182 kDTE/s. It would be logical not to use a heat exchanger of metal tiles, and just extend the pipe with supercoolant further, to the place you need to cool, but this would require a huge amount of supercoolant, and this is a rare (space) material and it must be used sparingly.

That's why the AT circuit is the minimum length. It cools the heat exchanger, in which the water is cooled, and the circuit with water goes further. And do not forget that the water freezes at 0ºC (which is fraught with pipe failure), and supercoolant can not be cooled to a solid state, because it freezes at near absolute zero (2 ºK or -271.2ºC).

The table below shows the properties of some of the liquids most commonly used in heat exchanger circuits and ATs:

Using the table is not difficult - you need to choose a liquid with the best heat capacity for the circuit, but so that this liquid would not freeze in the pipe or vice versa, not to overheat, otherwise it will turn into steam, gas, ice or other liquid. For example, if you overheat crude oil, it will not become a gas but will turn into petroleum. Although petroleum is also a liquid, any transformation in the pipe, causes it to break down.

For example:
 * If you just need to cool the base, the best solution is water.
 * If you cool farm Sleet Wheat, it is better to use Polluted water (freezes a little lower, at -21º C).
 * If you need to cool the food (-25º C, according to the new requirements), then you have to use ethanol or petroleum (although it is less effective than ethanol, but more affordable).

You can calculate the AT for any other liquid yourself:

кДТЕ/с,

where is the heat capacity of crude oil;  is how much ºC the AT cools;  is how much liquid it passes through itself per second (10000 g/s).

It's hard to believe, but in the AT circuit can be not only water, oil, etc., but also magma and liquid (molten) steel, glass, etc.

The same applies to a Metal Refinery, for example. In its circuit (for its cooling) can be used liquid, very hot metals, which was used in the scheme of melting ore and some others.

To be continued...